​​The Elements of a Repetition

01-21-17 12:00 PM By DeLisa Lee

There are 5 elements in a repetition. They are a verbal command, hand signal (or body language), desired behavior, mark and release, and reward. Don't assume that all 5 elements occur for every repetition of every behavior on all levels. The presence of the elements depend on which behavior your dog is learning, which training method you are using teach the behavior, and which level he is on for the behavior.


When you watch dog training videos, try to answer these questions: 

  1. Which training method was used to teach the behavior?
  2. Which elements of a repetition are present in the video?
  3. On which level does the behavior in the video begin?
  4. Understand why an element may not be present in a particular repetition

​What a Trained Behavior Looks Like

When Max was a puppy, I train him to place his chin on a towel in my hand to make it easy for me to wipe his face when he is drooling. 


When a dog touches a specific body part to a designated location, it’s called TARGETING. In this video, you’ll see Max practice this behavior on level 8 (duration) and level 11 (diversity).

Max knows 40 commands and for most of them, I trained him to follow the verbal command in the absence of the visual command. I wanted Max to be able to follow commands even if we’re not making eye contact. In this video, you’ll see Max following a few verbal commands while standing behind me. It’s trained behaviors like this that cause people to think dogs understand English.

DeLisa Lee